Vivent's approach doesn't rely on a single technology. We deploy six interconnected climate solutions - each science-validated, each generating verified carbon credits - across India and Australia's unmatched geological and agricultural landscapes.
Solution 01 — BioLNG Production
Vivent converts aboveground food biomass waste - crop residues, organic by-products and agricultural material - into biomethane and bio-liquefied natural gas (BioLNG). This carbon-neutral liquid fuel directly replaces fossil LNG across heavy transport, shipping, and industrial applications, with zero net atmospheric CO₂ addition.
Unlike conventional biogas facilities that vent CO₂ as a by-product, Vivent captures every kilogram of CO₂ produced during upgrading and injects it permanently into deep geological storage. The process is closed-loop from farm gate to underground.
- Vivent Carbon Accounting FrameworkThe biomass feedstock absorbed CO₂ during growth. Combusted as BioLNG, it releases only what was captured - zero net atmospheric addition. Combined with geological CO₂ storage, the overall process becomes carbon-negative.
BioLNG is chemically identical to fossil LNG - no engine modifications, no new infrastructure required. This enables immediate, large-scale decarbonisation of existing heavy transport fleets and industrial facilities without capital investment by end-users.
Biomass is sourced from smallholder farms across India and Australia, providing farmers with additional income streams while eliminating field-burning of crop waste - a major regional source of black carbon and particulate emissions across South Asia.
Our BioLNG roadmap targets 1 Petajoule (1,000 TJ / 1,000,000 GJ) of production across integrated facilities in India and Australia - equivalent to approximately 277,778 MWh of energy output per year, entirely from waste biomass.
BioLNG Production Process
A closed-loop process where every input is valorised and every CO₂ molecule is permanently stored.
Crop residues and food waste collected from smallholder farms and processing centres across India and Australia.
Biomass broken down in sealed digesters producing raw biogas (methane + CO₂ mix).
CO₂ separated from methane using membrane or pressure-swing adsorption - CO₂ captured, not vented.
Purified biomethane cooled to -162°C to produce dense BioLNG ready for transport and distribution.
Captured CO₂ compressed to supercritical state and injected into deep brine formations for permanent geological storage.
BioLNG has ~600× the energy density of biogas at atmospheric pressure - enabling long-distance distribution without pipeline infrastructure, to wherever fossil LNG is currently used.
Shipping, heavy trucking, and industrial heating are difficult to electrify. BioLNG provides a direct, immediate decarbonisation pathway requiring no changes from operators, fleets, or end-users.
Agricultural waste that would otherwise decompose and release methane is captured, converted to fuel, and its carbon permanently stored underground - creating a verifiable closed carbon loop.
BioLNG vs Fossil LNG
| Metric | Fossil LNG | Vivent BioLNG ✓ |
|---|---|---|
| Lifecycle CO₂ intensity | ~2.75 kg CO₂e / kg LNG | ~0.14 kg CO₂e / kg (−95%) |
| CO₂ vented during production | Yes — significant atmospheric release | Zero - 100% captured & injected |
| Compatible with existing LNG infrastructure | ✓ | ✓ Fully identical |
| Feedstock sustainability | Fossil — finite, depleting resource | Waste biomass - renewed every harvest cycle |
| Carbon credits generated | ✗ None | ✓ Per tonne CO₂ avoided + permanently stored |
| Community co-benefits | ✗ None | ✓ Farmer income; eliminates field burning |
| Net climate outcome | High-emission fuel | Carbon-negative across full lifecycle |
Solution 02 - Enhanced Rock Weathering
Rock weathering has removed CO₂ from Earth's atmosphere for billions of years. ERW accelerates this natural process by spreading finely crushed basalt across farmland - dramatically increasing the reactive surface area for CO₂-capturing chemical reactions, with soil fertility as a powerful co-benefit.
Basalt silicate minerals react with water and CO₂ to form bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻) - stable for thousands of years. CO₂ is permanently drawn from the atmosphere and locked in dissolved mineral form, flowing harmlessly to the ocean.
Weathering rates respond exponentially to temperature and rainfall. India's Western Ghats - 3,000-7,000 mm annual rainfall, year-round warmth - achieve CDR rates 3–5× higher than temperate deployments at identical rock application rates.
Basalt application increases soil pH, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and silicon - directly boosting crop yields. This creates financial incentives for farmer adoption that are independent of carbon market pricing, ensuring programme durability.
India's Deccan Traps and Australia's flood basalts together form one of the world's largest volcanic rock provinces — 66 million years old, weathering-ready, and situated directly above the world's most productive smallholder agricultural regions.
ERW Reaction Chemistry
Active Deployment Zones
Measurement, Reporting & Verification
ERW credits are only valuable if verification is rigorous. Vivent's MRV framework sets the standard for tropical CDR quantification globally.
Dense field sampling networks across application sites measure basalt dissolution rates, pH changes, and cation enrichment. Statistical models convert measurements into CO₂ drawdown estimates with quantified uncertainty bounds.
Continuous water chemistry sensors in rivers draining ERW zones measure dissolved calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate flux - independently verifying soil-level measurements and capturing downstream alkalinity transport.
Strontium and lithium isotopes in soil water and river samples provide geochemical fingerprints that definitively attribute alkalinity increases to basalt weathering - ruling out all confounding sources.
Satellite-derived soil reflectance data tracks basalt application coverage and temporal depletion, providing high-frequency spatial monitoring between field campaigns at low incremental cost.
Vivent's MRV data is reviewed and cross-validated by leading research groups in tropical geochemistry and carbon removal science - ensuring methodological rigour beyond standard commercial verification.
All ERW credits are certified by accredited third-party verifiers under recognised voluntary carbon market standards. Full MRV datasets are made available to buyers for independent due diligence.
Geological Storage - Schematic Cross Section
CO₂ injected at depth becomes supercritical - denser than water, permanently trapped beneath impermeable caprock, mineralising into solid carbonate over decades.
Solution 03 - Geological CO₂ Storage
The CO₂ captured during BioLNG production is not vented - it is compressed to a supercritical state and injected into deep saline brine formations where it is physically trapped, monitored continuously, and mineralises into solid carbonate rock over time.
Every kilogram of CO₂ produced during BioLNG upgrading is captured, compressed, and injected. There is no atmospheric release at any stage of the Vivent production process.
Below 800 metres, CO₂ exists as a supercritical fluid - behaving like a dense liquid, filling pore spaces in the brine formation and trapped physically beneath impermeable caprock layers that have held fluids for millions of years.
Over decades and centuries, dissolved CO₂ in brine reacts with surrounding rock minerals to form stable carbonate minerals - calcite, dolomite, and magnesite. This converts stored CO₂ from fluid to solid, eliminating any remaining leakage risk.
Injection well pressure sensors, seismic arrays, and groundwater chemistry monitoring provide real-time data on CO₂ plume behaviour and containment integrity - reported transparently to buyers and regulators.
Solution 04 - Ocean & River Alkalinity
As basalt weathers on farmland, the resulting bicarbonate ions travel downstream through rivers into coastal waters - raising ocean alkalinity and increasing the ocean's natural capacity to absorb and permanently store atmospheric CO₂. This is a cascading benefit from Vivent's ERW operations, generating additional verified carbon removal with no incremental land footprint.
The ocean naturally absorbs CO₂ from the atmosphere through chemical equilibrium. When alkalinity rises - as dissolved bicarbonates from ERW enter via rivers — the equilibrium shifts and the ocean absorbs more CO₂ per unit volume, storing it as stable bicarbonate and carbonate at depth.
Rivers draining the Western Ghats and Australian ERW zones carry elevated alkalinity loads to the Indian Ocean and Coral Sea. This bicarbonate flux is continuously measured at river mouth monitoring stations, contributing to verified and creditworthy CDR accounting.
Ocean acidification - driven by dissolved CO₂ reducing pH - threatens coral reefs and shellfish ecosystems globally. Vivent's alkalinity enhancement actively reverses localised acidification, providing measurable reef health and biodiversity co-benefits alongside carbon removal credits.
Vivent deploys coastal pH, total alkalinity, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) sensors in collaboration with marine research institutions. Continuous sensor data underpins the ocean alkalinity enhancement component of our verified carbon credit methodology.
Vivent's river alkalinity monitoring stations are positioned at catchment mouths across the Western Ghats, capturing the full bicarbonate export signal from ERW applications upstream.
- Vivent Coastal Monitoring ProgrammeSolution 05 - Mine & Quarry Restoration
Australia's mining history has left thousands of degraded quarries and mines. Vivent transforms these environmental liabilities into permanent, certified carbon sinks - combining in-situ mineralisation with full ecological restoration.
Exposed basalt surfaces within mine voids and tailings have enormous reactive surface area for CO₂ mineralisation. By engineering site hydrology - controlling water flow over reactive rock - Vivent accelerates natural mineralisation rates by orders of magnitude, delivering permanent sequestration.
Unlike forests or soil organic carbon, mineralisation converts CO₂ into stable solid carbonate minerals - magnesite, calcite, and dolomite. These are geologically stable over millions of years with zero reversal risk from fire, drought, or land-use change.
Vivent re-establishes native vegetation in and around restored mine sites - rebuilding biodiversity corridors, habitat, and above-ground biomass carbon stocks that complement geological sequestration and satisfy regulatory mine rehabilitation requirements.
Each tonne of CO₂ mineralised is quantified under rigorous MRV protocols, certified by accredited third-party verifiers, and issued as high-permanence credits - commanding premium pricing in voluntary and compliance markets due to their irreversibility.
Mine Restoration - Five Phases
Geological survey, reactive mineral inventory, hydrological mapping, and baseline carbon and biodiversity measurements across the entire mine site.
Water flow channels designed to maximise contact time between rainfall, infiltrating water, and reactive basalt surfaces - driving accelerated silicate dissolution and CO₂ mineralisation.
Native species planting, soil amelioration, and fauna habitat creation across disturbed areas - rebuilding above-ground biomass carbon stocks alongside geological sequestration.
Continuous mineralisation rate monitoring, leachate chemistry analysis, above-ground biomass assessments, and annual third-party verification audits by accredited bodies.
Verified tonne estimates submitted for credit issuance under approved methodologies. Credits registered, serialised, and made available for buyer retirement or trading.
Solution 06 - Carbon Credit Portfolio
Vivent's multi-methodology portfolio provides unparalleled diversification, permanence, and buyer confidence. Every credit stream is independently verified and traceable to a specific sequestration event.
Generated from basalt weathering on Indian and Australian farmland. Verified against soil sampling grids, river cation flux, and isotopic tracing data. Durable, high-permanence CDR methodology validated by peer-reviewed science.
Generated from CO₂ captured during BioLNG upgrading and permanently injected into geological brine formations. Among the highest-permanence carbon removal credit types available globally - zero reversal risk.
From in-situ mineralisation and ecological carbon sequestration at restored Australian mine and quarry sites. Combines permanent mineral storage with above-ground biomass accumulation - dual verification stream.
From bicarbonate export to coastal waters increasing ocean CO₂ absorption. Verified through DIC and alkalinity sensors co-managed with marine research institutions. Contributes reef health co-benefits alongside carbon removal.
Vivent credits are positioned for both voluntary carbon markets (VCM) and emerging compliance frameworks. Our high-permanence, science-backed profile commands premium pricing relative to nature-based alternatives carrying reversal risk.
Every Vivent credit is traceable to a specific sequestration event, location, and methodology. Third-party certification reports, MRV datasets, and geological monitoring data are available to all buyers - transparency is non-negotiable.
Frequently Asked Questions
Partner with Vivent
Whether you're a carbon credit buyer, mine operator, landholder, or investor - Vivent's integrated platform creates measurable, verifiable value while reversing the climate equation at scale.